Novel approaches for allergen-specific immunotherapy—An overview

Allergen-specific immunotherapy (AIT) is an allergen-specific treatment for people with IgE-related allergies. used to treat allergic disorders when symptoms persist despite medication and allergen avoidance. The therapy presumed effective if it reduces the use of medications, improves quality life even after discontinuation treatment, as well prevents conversion one type allergy other development new sensitization. immunotherapeutic agents can be administered sublingually, subcutaneously, or through some routes, such intra-lymphatically epicutaneously induce tolerance by modifying immune responses (innate adaptive). primary mechanism AIT induction functional regulatory cells, T follicular B dendritic innate lymphoid natural killer which results in control functions 2 inflammatory cells. However, there are several downsides AIT, including contentious period resulting high cost, systemic reactions, lack a biomarker forecasting responders. Vaccine adjuvants, adjunctive therapies, novel vaccine technologies currently being researched address issues associated AIT. This article focuses on defined molecular approaches improving potential specific that recombinant derivatives, allergen-derived peptides, virus-coupled allergens, nanoparticles, adjuvants.